Nigeria’s economy expanded 4.43% in the second quarter, its fastest growth in five years. Manufacturing, agriculture, and services led the expansion, while the oil sector was buoyed by higher crude prices linked to the Iran conflict. The naira, which weakened sharply after devaluations under Tinubu, appreciated 12% against the dollar in the 12 months to June. Net direct investment inflows have also improved, and the oil industry is performing strongly. Still, growth remains below official targets, and insecurity threatens to overshadow the recovery. Violence and kidnappings persist across much of the country despite deepening security cooperation with the United States, with the April-to-June period marking the deadliest stretch in decades.