Three survivors and relatives of victims of the 1960 Sharpeville massacre, in which South African police killed at least 91 people during a peaceful anti-pass-law protest, are suing the government for compensation. The lawsuit challenges a 1961 apartheid-era law that shields the state from liability for actions taken to suppress unrest, arguing it is unconstitutional. A successful case could encourage dozens of additional claims and strengthen efforts to secure justice for other victims of state violence. The government, meanwhile, faces renewed scrutiny over its handling of unresolved apartheid-era crimes and reparations. The dispute also reflects broader frustration with persistent racial inequality and poverty. Beyond compensation, the case could establish a significant legal precedent and force the South African government to confront long-deferred reparations questions more than three decades after apartheid officially ended.